Utilization of phosphate is one of early lifeβs biggest mysteries. In this article, there are two different metal catalyzed reactions that are proposed to occur in underwater volcanic vents. One mechanism is using phosphite catalyzed by Nickel and Palladium in sepentized vents. Another possible mechanism is amidophosphite reactions catalyzed by Palladium, though unlikely due to the high oxidants required that did not exist on early Earth.